Smart Cities, Cars, Highways and parking bays-  a plethora of interconnected devices promising answers to today's' congested and polluted cities.

There is a case to be made that success will be ultimately achieved by those organisations that own the technology stacks. Not just the parking systems, or vehicle hire companies, auto manufacturers, municipal authorities or large technology vendors.

Data is the kingpin and the technology stacks that join, analyse and enable decision making from these disparate, multiple, real-time data sources may change the traditional relationships that have driven progress to date